The only way to know that the downlink message has been sent succesfully to the device is when it has been received by the device. E.g. you could set the confirmed: true flag, in which case the device will send an acknowledgement on the next uplink.
To find out if the messate has been sent, you could use the fCnt value and read the device-queue to find if that fCnt value is still in the quuee.