Downlink Packets from Lora App Server

ChirpStack Application Server
1

Hi, I’ve successfully installed Lora Server and Lora App Server on an Ubuntu 16.04 machine while Lora Gateway Bridge is preinstalled on my Laird Sentrius RG186 gateway.
I have two questions:

  1. From the Live LoRaWAN frame logs of the related device I see a couple of uplink and downlink packets each 10 seconds. Why does this happen?

  2. By inspecting Moquitto I noticed that packets from LoRa nodes are published on the topic gateway “gateway/c0ee40ffff294618/rx” and than republished on “application/1/device/00d0bc3582dfb291/rx” with a different payload (decrypted right?). Moreover, I noticed that downlink packets are published on topic “gateway/c0ee40ffff294618/tx”, but when I “artifically” publish on the same topic a test packet, I don’t see it on the Live LoRaWAN frame log. Why?

Thank you for your help :slight_smile: